The presented work is the result of studying the influence of the nervous type of the Kholmogory breed cows on their milk productivity in a free stall housing system. These studies clearly demonstrate the advisability of selecting cows regarding their types of higher nervous activity. The average milk yield of animals with a balanced, strong and mobile type of higher nervous activity was 21% higher than in other animals which will make it possible to form more productive herds and increase milk production.