Economic justification of using sugar beet harvesters

УДК 631.3:338.43
Abstract: 

The article analyzes advantages and disadvantages of the main types of sugar beet combines and presents comparative economic efficiency of their use in modern conditions. Economic efficiency estimate of sugar beet combines is based on estimation of production processes, the main criterion of which is saving operating costs per unit. Economic efficiency of using sugar beet combines has been determined on the basis of calculating operating costs per unit of work, according to the data of the Tambov oblast, Michurinsky district sugar beet farms. When harvesting 1 ha of sugar beet, the highest operating costs value has been obtained in using ROPA “Euro-Tiger” combine - 6030,72 thousand RUB, and the lowest in using Gomselmash “Palesse BS624” combine --3246,42 thousand RUB., which is 42.2% lower. In present-day conditions of Russia, according to the production rate and operating costs ratio “Terra Dos” Holmer brand combine turns out to be the most efficient one from the economic point of view, since it has a more profitable over performance compared to the base modification (by 30%) judging by the operating costs ratio (by 20-26%). The research novelty consists in clarification of the methodology for determining the economic efficiency of sugar beet combines on the basis of the productivity and operational costs ratio per unit of the harvested area according to the combine brands. The practical significance consists in economic efficiency justification of using the most common sugar beet combine brands in the present-day conditions.

Economic justification of using sugar beet harvesters

УДК 631.3:338.43
Abstract: 

The article analyzes advantages and disadvantages of the main types of sugar beet combines and presents comparative economic efficiency of their use in modern conditions. Economic efficiency estimate of sugar beet combines is based on estimation of production processes, the main criterion of which is saving operating costs per unit. Economic efficiency of using sugar beet combines has been determined on the basis of calculating operating costs per unit of work, according to the data of the Tambov oblast, Michurinsky district sugar beet farms. When harvesting 1 ha of sugar beet, the highest operating costs value has been obtained in using ROPA “Euro-Tiger” combine - 6030,72 thousand RUB, and the lowest in using Gomselmash “Palesse BS624” combine --3246,42 thousand RUB., which is 42.2% lower. In present-day conditions of Russia, according to the production rate and operating costs ratio “Terra Dos” Holmer brand combine turns out to be the most efficient one from the economic point of view, since it has a more profitable over performance compared to the base modification (by 30%) judging by the operating costs ratio (by 20-26%). The research novelty consists in clarification of the methodology for determining the economic efficiency of sugar beet combines on the basis of the productivity and operational costs ratio per unit of the harvested area according to the combine brands. The practical significance consists in economic efficiency justification of using the most common sugar beet combine brands in the present-day conditions.

Ecological and economic efficiency of agrotechnical antierosion measures

УДК 332.3:631.6.02
Abstract: 

The article analyzes the dependence of the agricultural production reduction at the present stage in connection with the aggravation of environmental problems caused by the influence of active and often irrational activities in the agricultural sector. In Russia the main negative processes leading to land degradation, soil and vegetation cover are: water and wind erosion, overwatering and water-logging, saturation, salinization and alkalinization. Many of these trends are observable in the Tambov region. The emerging economic mechanism is characterized by a lack of commercial interest in the rational use of land resources and, accordingly, of the funds earmarked for environmental measures. The development of agriculture in present- day conditions has to involve a range of varied activities to ensure lands protection from erosion and at the same time their high productivity. For integrated assessment of agrotechnical erosion-preventive measures the author’s interpretation of the environmental and economic efficiency definition has been offered. In the first stage the economic effectiveness of the implemented measures is determined from economic position that is characterized by additional net income. The second stage is determined by environmental benefits as the savings to restore lost soil fertility. In the third phase ecological-economic effectiveness of the complex of measures implemented as the sum of economic and environmental effects is determined. In order to avoid soil depletion and to improve its fertility persistently, to make the harvest sustainable, the nutrient balance should be only positive. This should form the basis for effective cultivation of agricultural crops and rational use of land by erosion preventing.

Ecological and economic efficiency of agrotechnical antierosion measures

УДК 332.3:631.6.02
Abstract: 

The article analyzes the dependence of the agricultural production reduction at the present stage in connection with the aggravation of environmental problems caused by the influence of active and often irrational activities in the agricultural sector. In Russia the main negative processes leading to land degradation, soil and vegetation cover are: water and wind erosion, overwatering and water-logging, saturation, salinization and alkalinization. Many of these trends are observable in the Tambov region. The emerging economic mechanism is characterized by a lack of commercial interest in the rational use of land resources and, accordingly, of the funds earmarked for environmental measures. The development of agriculture in present- day conditions has to involve a range of varied activities to ensure lands protection from erosion and at the same time their high productivity. For integrated assessment of agrotechnical erosion-preventive measures the author’s interpretation of the environmental and economic efficiency definition has been offered. In the first stage the economic effectiveness of the implemented measures is determined from economic position that is characterized by additional net income. The second stage is determined by environmental benefits as the savings to restore lost soil fertility. In the third phase ecological-economic effectiveness of the complex of measures implemented as the sum of economic and environmental effects is determined. In order to avoid soil depletion and to improve its fertility persistently, to make the harvest sustainable, the nutrient balance should be only positive. This should form the basis for effective cultivation of agricultural crops and rational use of land by erosion preventing.

Desk02 theme