Complex researches have been conducted in the Tver region on sod medium podzolic sandy loam well-cultivated soil. We have studied implementation of crop yield programmable levels by means of vetch-barley-oats mixtures different in composition. The advantage of their cultivation on grain-and-hay has been revealed, when the program both at the background of 2.5 thous. feed unit /ha and 5.0 thous. feed unit /ha on all variants of mixed crops was exceeded. Program has been carried out only at the programming level on 2.5 thous. feed unit / ha when growing mixtures for grain.

The article presents monitoring of the number of farms, livestock and productivity indices of dairy cattle in the Vologda region and in the North-West Federal District within the period of five years.

Studies having been carried out on animals of Ayrshire breed show that indexes of food, motion and total activity selection can be successfully used as selection signs. Selection of cows on ethological individuality is accompanied by an increase of their milk production. Animals with increased food activity, compared to cows with a low one, have got the rise of milk yield per lactation by 686 kg. Ultra-active cows should be mentioned particularly, productivity of them opposite to infrapassive ones increases by 49%.

This paper is the result of studying the peculiarities of mineral nutrition of lawn grass stands established on the basis of perennial bottom meadow grasses. In this work the assessment of the main mineral nutrients removal by the top mass of lawn plants during the whole growing season and for each mowing cycle has been given, the doses of mineral fertilizers for each experimental option in active substance and in physical weight have been defined.