Quality of the green mass of grass at farms of the Vologda region
The article outlines the regulatory requirements for assessing the quality of green fodder and the actual nutritional value of green mass at farms of the Vologda region. More than 100 green mass samples were investigated for the period 2016 - 2018. The results of the analysis showed a decrease in feed: dry matter from 24.46 to 22.92 g / kg, digestible protein by 1.36 g / kg and crude fiber from 21.22 to 20.74 g / kg, as well as an increase in nutritional value by indicators: raw protein from 16.14 to 16.27%, exchange energy from 11.19 to 11.26 MJ, sugar from 9.04 to 13.87% and carotene from 175.43 to 176.35 mg / kg. Analysis of the quality of the grass mass shows a great dependence of nutritional value on the prevailing climatic conditions in different years. Cereals and legumes in the Vologda region show a fairly high nutritional value of green mass under favorable climatic conditions, compliance with the technology of harvesting bulk feed, taking into account regulatory requirements for quality assessment. This affects the final assessment of the harvested feed. Research in this area should be deepened and carried out using highly productive agrophytocenosis of promising forage crops. Since green mass underlies the laying of high-quality silage, knowledge of its chemical composition and nutritional value is of paramount importance.
Breeding black-motley cattle for productive longevity
The article presents the results of black-motley cattle linear breeding in the Vologda region. The linear dependence of black-motley cows’ useful life has been established both in purebred animals and in crosses with Holstein sires.
Analysis of health condition, milk production and reproduction of cows when using in rations food additives based on needles
In order to increase the productivity of dairy cows and maintain their health, the search for complex food additives with multifactorial positive properties is continuously carried out. A scientific and economic experiment of a new food additive based on needles developed by the technical and research centre “Khiminvest” has been conducted. The experiment has been conducted by the method of groups-analogues on highly productive cows. Food additive based on pine needles has had a positive impact on milk productivity, milk protein content, carotene and nonspecific immunity, as well as individual indicators of reproduction. The effectiveness of the additive has been 29.50 rubles per 1 cow a day.
Thromboelastographic Assessment of Coagulation Potential of Blood in Horses
The work reviews the possibility of using thromboelastogram to assess the coagulation potential in horses. The experiment engaged ten clinically healthy mares aged from one to five years and five newborn foals up to ten days of Russian trotting breed. The thromboelastogram was recorded in citrated blood by means of a two-channel computerized Coagulation Analyzer (TEG® 5000 - Hemoscope, USA) and applied diagnostic program. Such parameters as R (min), K (min), Ang (°), MA (mm) were taken into consideration; no significant difference was found in parameters between mares and foals. R (min) and K (min) were higher in horses (13.55 ± 2.11 min and 4.6 ± 0.91 min, respectively) than in foals (12.77 ± 0.41 min and 3, 65 ± 0.34 min, respectively). Ang (°) was lower in horses compared to foals (46.41 ± 5.89 ° and 52.14 ± 3.58 °, respectively). MA (mm) was at the same level in animals of both groups and amounted to 57.28 ± 3.04 mm in horses and 57.77 ± 2.59 mm in foals. The work presents reference coagulation intervals in adult horses and foals, but when interpreting of individual results, the effect of hematocrit, platelet count and fibrinogen concentration must be taken into account.
Honey production of bee colonies and honey quality in the conditions of the Vologda region
The article presents results of the research on honey productivity and quality. It is established that the species composition of nectariferous plants is heterogeneous and the apiaries honey plants grown on their territory have different honey productivity from 15-25 to 800-1000 kg per hectare. On the territory of the apiary 1 grow the honey plants with higher honey production, such as White acacia, galega orientalis, Echium and Roundheaded globe thistle (Echinops sphaerocephalus). They are allowed to obtain for the season an average output of gross and marketable honey from each bee colony in the apiary 1 greater than in the apiary 2 at 0.8 and 2.5 kg or 3.9 and 26.6% respectively.
The effect of adding perennial grasses of the second mowing to the flattened spring barley grain for its storage in air-tight conditions
The article presents the results of studying the addition of green mass of grass to the flattened spring barley grain. Finely chopped grass is an effective means of accelerating the creation of anaerobic conditions in the grain mass and reducing the loss of dry matter during storage. It was revealed that as a result of the addition of grass, the period of creating oxygen-free conditions had been reduced to two or three days, the loss of dry matter during this time had not exceeded 1.5-2.5%. The optimal dose of grass has been 3% of the grain weight. Dry matter losses at this dose amounted to 4.8% for the period of 30 days of storage, in the mass of grain without grass the losses reached 11.3%.
Technology for concentrated dairy product with a combined carbohydrate composition
The paper shows the effect of stevioside and starch syrup on the organoleptic quality indicators of the concentrated sweet dairy product. For this purpose, a two-factor two-level experiment was planned and product development was carried out. It was established that the sample, which mass fraction of sugar substitution by starch syrup was 40% and the proportion of stevioside supplement was 6%, has the best organoleptic characteristics.
Comparative evaluation of methods and justification of the operational method for experimental determining the isomerization proportion of lactose into lactulose
The article gives a comparative assessment of methods for experimental determination of lactulose. It has been established, that the polarimetric method of analysis is the most appropriate one for the operational method of experimental determination of the lactose isomerization fraction into lactulose.
Production of cheese “Umnik” at farm for the prevention of metabolic syndrome
The article gives an analysis of scientific, technical and medical literature in the field of soft cheese production from cheese whey for the prevention of metabolic syndrome, the use of the preparation “Iodcasein” to get it. The equipment was selected and the economic efficiency of the production of soft cheese “Umnick” for the farm was calculated.
Modern approaches to the use of microbial transglutaminase in cheese making (analytical review)
The analysis of scientific publications on a question of transglutaminase enzyme using in cheese making has been carried out. The review describes some methods improving biotechnology of cheese with transglutaminase that aim at creating conditions for its maximum activity in milk. In the enzymatic protein coagulation transglutaminase is recommended for introduction into milk simultaneously with chymosin or after its addition what provides due to the preservation of the serum components in curd yield and mass fraction of moisture increasing in cheeses. The enzyme contributes to slowing down proteolysis and lipolysis in the period of cheeses ripening. Transglutaminase has no significant effect on cheeses organoleptic characteristics but reduces the bioavailability of the nutrients for the spoilage microorganisms growth.
