Methods of monitoring of social-economic efficiency of credit cooperation
A complex scenario of development of credit cooperation has been suggested, it is based on measures of governmental regulation and improvement of information analysis system. The authors have developed and tested the system of indicators on the example of the Vologda region. The system allows assessing the social and economic efficiency of credit cooperation of the region as a condition of sustainable development of rural territories.
Factors of economic efficiency in sunflower seed production
The research objective is to determine the effect of specialization and location of sunflower cultivation for oilseeds in the Altai region on the economic efficiency. The comparison of agricultural organizations, to which this direction is the primary or a secondary sector of production, shows a decrease of economic efficiency of the used resources in case of increasing the cultivated area. The differentiation has been determined by imperfection of production system in most agricultural organizations, including the non-optimal amount of production and location according to natural and economic zones as well as violation of crop rotation systems, tillage and care of crops. As for the group of specialized enterprises, due to non-optimal timing of the sunflower return to the former place a shortfall of 20-25% of gross crop production, decrease in specific labour input and in the cost of 1 centner of oilseeds have been demonstrated, thus proving the negative effect of specialization on the economic efficiency of resource use in the industry.
Dairy cattle breeding and fodder production in the Orenburg region: state and trends of development
The basis for stability of economic, social and political situation in society and the world depends primarily on the efficiency of agriculture. The Orenburg region is one of the most developed agricultural areas of the Russian Federation and the Volga Federal district. Currently it is necessary to create an optimal mechanism for economic interest of agricultural enterprises in increasing milk production. The authors analyzed the literature sources and the results of the current situation in dairy cattle breeding and forage production in the Orenburg region as a large industrial and agrarian region, it made it possible to identify a number of patterns, as well as to develop proposals and practical recommendations aimed at improving the economic efficiency of milk production. In order to effectively develop dairy cattle breeding in the Orenburg region, it is necessary to focus on improving the organizational and economic relations in the industry on the basis of the development of breeding, increasing the productivity of animals by strengthening the fodder base, and continuing the implementation of state support for dairy farming.
Development of the Agrarian Sector and Rural Areas of Northwest in the Conditions of Import Substitution Policy
The study has identified possibilities and limitations of the development of agricultural production and rural areas in Northwest Federal District in conditions of import substitution strategy in agro industrial complexes in the context of phenomena development dynamics in other Russian Federation regions.
Economic mechanism of local mini-cluster development with participation of small business pattern
The successful operation of mini clusters increases the income of each participant by reducing losses, improving product quality and growing of production volumes, by more complete and rational use of resources and elimination of unnecessary levels of intermediation. All the areas of the Leningrad Region at a distance from the main sales center (Saint-Petersburg) are divided by us into three groups - up to 100 km, 100-199 km and 200 km or more. It has been given the characteristic of each group and it has been identified the sphere of specialization of small business pattern in each group. The scheme of economic relations between mini-cluster participants has been worked out. To enter the mini-cluster pre-cooperation of small business pattern is needed. Principal directions for economic mechanism perfection, for formation and activities of agricultural consumers’ cooperatives and other cooperative organizations have been proposed.
Factors forming consumer prices for dairy products
The problems of forming consumer prices of milk and dairy products have been studied. The structure of the final price for sold milk in Russia and the distribution of income between the members of production and commercial chain have been considered. The analysis of the causes of price volatility for agricultural products in general and for milk and dairy products in particular has been given. The effect of the price of purchasing raw milk by dairy plants and the opportunities offered by milk processing directly on farms have been shown. The factors that constrain selling milk by agricultural enterprises of the Leningrad region in retail chains have been defined.
Effect of different milk production technology on milk yield of cows and somatic cell maintenance
The article provides the information on the results of the study of quantitative and qualitative indicators of milk and somatic cells based on the method of keeping and cows’ milking technology. The influence of the technology of the milk yield on the somatic cells maintenance is established.
The impact of variability of the type of Siberian cedar by seed scale apophysis on the seed peel firmness
The seed peel firmness of Siberian cedar morphological forms (by seed scale apophysis) has been studies. The existence of differences on the seed peel firmness indicators between the forms is theoretically based by the nutcracker’s activity. The results of the experiments prove the given assumption. It is shown that nuts from the cones with plain apophysis type require the relatively less maximum power and tension, but more time on their cracking. To use the seeds of the given morphological trees’ forms is prospective for the production of cedar kernel. It is offered to select the types with plain seed peel apophysis type for the selection on the market qualities of the cedar nut.
Influence of thinning out and nitrogen fertilizers on photosynthesis and growth of spruce in birch forests of myrtillus type
The effect of different nitrogen doses and cutting on the rate of physiological and growth processes has been studied in birch forests of blueberry type in taiga zone. It has been established that nitrogen has got little effect on the vitality and growth of spruce in mature birch forests because of the light lack. In thinned stands the nitrogen increases the rate of photosynthesis twofold, activates processes associated with the accumulation and subsequent outflow of carbon metabolites from the needles. The result of this nitrogen action is the intensification of growth processes. The most favorable conditions for the growth of the spruce undergrowth in birch forests of blueberry type in taiga zone are formed at a cutting intensity of 50% and nitrogen introduction of 180 kg / ha due to primary nutrient. Further thinning of forest stands and introduction of increased amounts of nitrogen have no significant impact on the life and growth of young spruce and only leads to more expensive works.
Specific measures to prevent helminthiasis in cattle in the Russian North-West non-black soil zone
The general measures of specific prevention of pasturable helmints in cattle based on the rich experience of personal experiments taking into account the species composition, ecology, epizootiology, biology of helmints are presented.
Studying the age dynamics of cryptosporidiosis in piglets on the farms of the Vologda Region
In this paper the results of studying the age dynamics of cryptosporidia oocysts invasion in piglets have been presented, the dependence of this invasion on the age of animals has been established.
Formation of steadily productive annual mixed sowings based on optimization of mineral nutrition
Complex researches have been conducted in the Tver region on sod medium podzolic sandy loam well-cultivated soil. We have studied implementation of crop yield programmable levels by means of vetch-barley-oats mixtures different in composition. The advantage of their cultivation on grain-and-hay has been revealed, when the program both at the background of 2.5 thous. feed unit /ha and 5.0 thous. feed unit /ha on all variants of mixed crops was exceeded. Program has been carried out only at the programming level on 2.5 thous. feed unit / ha when growing mixtures for grain. The vetch-barley-oats mixtures have the biggest response to mineral fertilizers when programming. The mixtures had a ratio: at cultivation on grain-and-hay 20 % : 40 % : 60 % (on the background 2.5 thous. feed unit /ha) and 40 % : 60 % : 20 % (on the background 5.0 thous. feed unit /ha), for grain 40 % : 40 % : 40 % (on both backgrounds). Foliar application by microbiological fertilizer Baikal EM1 in the tillering phase of Poaceae components has increased the percentage of program implementation, regardless on a kind of received production, as well as it has increased collecting of digestible protein and output of exchange energy. The positive effect from the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers and spraying by Baikal EM1 has been achieved by improving the indicators of photosynthetic activity (leaf area, photosynthetic potential of seeding, net photosynthetic productivity, efficiency of photosynthetic active radiation) and the direction of the productional process on yield.
Phytosanitary state of blue lupine crops under conditions of Pskov Region
The phytosanitary assessment of blue lupine crops under conditions of the North-Western zone of the Russian Federation has been done. Harmful objects in lupine agrocenosis have been identified, control measures have been suggested.
Scientific development for the cooling temperature of the concentrated dairy product with sugar and malt extract
A two-stage cooling method of the concentrated dairy product with sugar and malt extract is calculated in the article. The given method is based on the principle that cooling rate must outpace lactose crystallization rate. As a result of a pilot check it was found that two-stage cooling method can improve the quality of a finished product compared to a conventional one due to reducing an average size of lactose crystals.
Influence of technological factors on fermented milk product quality indices
The article deals with the influence of nanofiltration concentrate of curd whey on the organoleptic as well as the structural and mechanical properties of whipped dairy products enriched with probiotic microflora.
Improving the methods and technology of cream-butter production by the continues cream stirring
The article presents the results of the research on the two-staged flowing method of the physical cream ripening influence on their properties’ changes and cream-butter quality.
Analysis and Optimization of Parameters of Drying Flax Bales
The article justifies the necessity of final drying flax bales while harvesting in adverse weather conditions. The main parameters that control the process of drying flax bales are determined. The article gives the analysis of technical equipment for drying flax bales. The authors propose the device that allows drying flax bales evenly along the height. The experimental research results are given in the article.
Method of Determining Priority Investment Sectors for Milk Processing Enterprises
Russian economy recovery from a deep systemic crisis is possible only by means of production investment expansion. However, receiving sufficient investment does not guarantee its effective use by the company. The present situation is the following: on the one hand an enterprise is in a dire need for investment, and on the other hand many of them are unable to ensure its effective use because of no or insufficient investment management elaboration. The article gives the algorithm of investment decision-making concerning the selection of priority investment sectors under limited investment resources. Priority sectors for real investment are identified on the basis of analysis of efficiency of production and financial resource use by the Vologda region milk processing enterprises.
Labour market in vologda region: analysis of problems and territorial features of development
The article gives the analysis of labour market state in the Vologda Region and some of its districts within the period of 2009-2013. It views the industrial employment structure and gives some recommendations concerning the imbalance of labour force at the labour market.
Improving the bank portfolio profitability using the scoring method in OAO «Rosselkhozbank»
The article illustrates the effectiveness of using the scoring method by a commercial bank for the borrower creditability. This method allows increasing the bank’s loan portfolio and improve its profitability. The article also describes a way of reducing the share of problem loans with the help of a professional psychologist interview with the potential borrower.
Methodological basis of a comprehensive comparative evaluation of the economic potential of branches
The article gives the methodological basis and approaches for comparative evaluation of economic potential of branches on the Vologda region example. The entity of the branch economic potential, factors for its formation and development are determined, the system of indicators for the comprehensive evaluation of branch economic potential is given. The method of comparative evaluation of branches, stages of comparative integral indicators’ value formation is determined. The suggested interval scale of integrated comparative evaluation allows give the qualitative characteristics of the industry economic potential level. The conclusions on the results of the suggested method testing on the Vologda region branches example have been formulated.
An alternative replacement for traditional preserving agent in dairy industry
In the laboratory rekombination method samples of concentrated milk product with sugar and malt extract were produced. The developed product was analyzed for physical and chemical, organoleptic and microbiological quality indicators. Besides the vitamin, mineral and carbohydrate composition of concentrated milk product with replacement of 10 % sucrose on malt extract was studied. It was established that the vitamin content increases by 6-9 times, minerals 1.5-3 times. Introduction of malt extract leads to diversity of the carbohydrate profile of the developed product.
Some aspects of low-calorie sweet dishes creation with improved nutritional value
The paper examines the possibility of sweet dishes creating with improved nutritional value on the basis of research data about the utility of dairy whey and non-starch polysaccharides belonging to the class of dietary fibers.
Demineralization and neutralization of cottage cheese whey in the process of nanofiltration
The article studies the process of nanofiltration as a way of cottage cheese wheydemineralizationand neutralization. Using the chemical analysis of the nanofiltration concentrate and filtrate compositions, theoretical dependence of mineral salt and lactic acid removal in the treatmentprocess has been found. Theresearch validates the optimal value of the volumetric concentration factor for cottage cheese whey demineralization and neutralization.
Organization and performing the inventory in an enterprise, in an organization
The article gives the analysis of the regulatory basis of accounting on the organization and performing the inventory in enterprises, in organizations. The most important issues to be paid attention to during the inventory to avoid non-productive costs are pointed out.
