Технологические аспекты производства обогащенных кисломолочных продуктов с использованием молочной сыворотки
The article presents the technology of producing enriched fermented dairy products with whey. The authors describe the composition of the multicomponent starter culture for fermented dairy products, which provides probiotic properties of the products. The component composition and parameters of fermenting milk and whey basis for fermented dairy products are determined. The reasonability of using the syrup of the white mulberry fruit in formulations and its mass fraction applying is determined.
Effect of barn layout solutions on manure-containing waste water amount
The paper presents calculation results of manure-containing waste water amount from the milking parlour for six variants of dairy herd housing on the example of the dairy farm for 1200 milking cows with loose and cubicle housing. Depending upon the size of technological groups and barn layout solutions the amount of produced waste water may vary up to 12.5%.
The justification of the use of microwave radiation to dry flax in the tape
Еhe article substantiates the necessity to dry the stalks of flax trusts prior to mechanical processing by means of installations with less energy- and metal consumption. A new method to dry flax in the tape using microwave energy is offered. The main parameters that control the process of microwave flax drying are determined. Preliminary results of experimental researches of the new method to dry flax in the tape using microwave energy are presented.
Assessment of the investment impact on an enterprise (branch) economic activity on the investment strategy development phase (on the example of enterprises of dairy industry)
The success of our investment activities is largely determined by the degree of the entity adaptation to the investment environment. This requires to carry out the forecast of the investment environment condition at the early stage of the investment strategy formation. This allows industry use the favourable opportunities to invest and be prepared for negative factors that may be associated with the investment process, identify the most favourable alternatives, thereby ensure the effective adaptation of investment strategy to external conditions. The article gives the algorithm of drawing up the forecast on the assessment of the investment environment impact on the enterprise (industry) economic activity as one of the initial stages of enterprise investment strategy formation. Based on the selection and testing of the proposed factors characterizing the state of the investment environment of milk processing enterprises, the assessment of the reliability rate of enterprise’s economic activity in the dairy industry on the current economic, political, and financial conditions has been made. The usage of the proposed algorithm of actions will allow adapt the investment activities of the company to the unfavourable effects of environmental factors.
Economic efficiency of canned milk product with sugar, malt and malt extract production
The work was carried out on marketing researches of the canned dairy products market of the Vologda region and the calculation of economic efficiency of the products developed on the basis of malt and malt extract production. The results of the calculation showed that the cost of new products does not exceed the desired potential customers the price established in the course of marketing research. Also, the advantage of the developed canned milk products with sugar is the increased nutritive and biological value in contrast the traditional canned milk.
Forecasting of agricultural production under conditions of cyclical fluctuations and innovative development (on the example of milk production in the siberian federal district)
In this research the methods of agricultural production forecasting under conditions of cyclical fluctuations and innovative development have been substantiated and tested in the form of inertial and innovative forecasting of milk production in the Siberian Federal District.
Labor life quality in the Vologda region districts: analysis, assessment, districtcharacteristics
The article analyses and gives the assessment of the labour life quality in the districts of the Vologda region. The authors study indicators measuring the labour life quality in the region, group the districts and give points depending on the parameter value. On this basis, the authors draw the conclusion on the labour life quality in the districts of the Vologda region.
Formation of human capital as a condition of innovative development of regional agriculture system
In the study the mechanism of sustainable development of human capital has been proved based on the creation and development of a unified information and educational environment on the basis of the Resource Center. The methods for forecasting of human resourcing in agriculture have been developed based on focused training of students by the example of the regions of the European North of the Russian Federation.
Formalization of preparatory work in drawing up an annual accounting report of an agricultural organization
The article describes stages of preparatory work prior to drawing up an annual accounting financial report of an agricultural organization. The author analyzes regulatory documents for the financial report preparation of an agricultural organization. The article takes into account various authors’ views on preparatory work stages prior to drawing up an annual accounting financial report. The author proposes to systematize the sequence of preparatory work procedures in the process of drawing up a financial report and justifies their necessity.
Methodology of regional milk-product сlusters formation
The article describes the universal methodology system of any activity, including the main three sections, a methodology is proposed for milk- product cluster formation and a detailed description of its structural elements is given as well, in which the basic stages of regional milk-product cluster formation is determined and the key position of the cluster formation is given.
Comparative analysis of agricultural producers crediting methods efficiency
In this article the comparative analysis of agricultural producers crediting methods efficiency has been carried out. The advantages of crediting through credit cooperatives have been highlighted. Calculations have shown that for the agricultural producer it is more profitable to join a credit cooperative for receiving loans than to take a loan in a commercial bank.
Government support of the machine-building industry as a factor of economic potential growth of agricultural machine building in the Vologda region
The article gives proofs on the necessity of state support and change in the Vologda region industrial economy management, where the cluster policy implementation plays the leading role, in particular, in relation to the machine building industry, being the key element in providing the agricultural enterprises with agricultural machines and equipment. According to the results of testing the methodology of complex comparative evaluation of the economic potential of the Vologda region industries, the authors give the problem solutions that ensure the economic potential growth of machine building due to the state support system, which is slight nowadays. The article describes the organizational model of the machine-building cluster of the Vologda region and formulates its key goals and objectives.
Milk protein composition and its technological properties at Saanen goat’s breed depending on their genotype by beta-lactoglobulin level
The research has been carried out in Vysokogorsk district of the Tatarstan Republic where the protein composition of milk from 80 Saanen goat’s breed by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel have been studied. It has been found that goat’s and cow’s milk has the similar protein composition. Interspecies differences are more strongly observed in the concentration of individual fractions. It has been found the studied animals in locus β-Lg have two genetic variants: among AA and BB the prevailing one is genotype AA. β-Lg genotypes in goats have the same influence on quality and technological properties of milk as in cows; in other words, the best milk quality is characteristic for AA than BB genotype.
Milk yield and properties of the udder Black-and-White and Simmental breeds under usage of a robotic milking system
We analyzed the milk production and the basic properties of udderfresh cows Black-and-White and Simmental breeds using a robotic system of milking. According to different periods of lactation and the basic properties of the udder the cows of Black-and-White breed of dairy productivity trends lead. Therefore, to use a robotic milking system the black-motley breed are more suitable in comparison with the combined productivity of Simmental directions under the purposeful selection.
Determination of the herbs drying coefficients on experimental data
The method of defining a component equation in drying herbs on the experimental data is developed. Two methods of solving nonlinear algebraic equations with the use of computer systems Mathcad and Microsoft Excel are considered.
Sweet concentrated milk product
Samples of sweet concentrated milk product with partial replacement of sucrose to glucose - fructose syrup have been developed. The extract of Jerusalem artichoke has been added into the product. Physical-chemical indicators have been studied in the developed samples. It has been found out that the product generally corresponds to the quality indicators of the traditional sweet condensed milks except that of sucrose.
Technology of concentrated milk products based on liquid curd whey
Samples of sweet concentrated milk product with a partial replacement of skimmed milk powder and water on liquid curd whey are produced. Rheological characteristics have been investigated in the produced samples. It is established that the product belongs to pseudo-plastic liquids with quite a high correlation coefficient.
Investigating associative interactions of food hydrocolloids in creating milk-based products
The article presents the theoretical basis and practical aspects of using the combinations of non-starch polysaccharides with whey protein. Associative interactions of the used food hydrocolloids for creating new technologies of milk-based products of different textures have been identified and scientifically based.
Study of car-and-tractor diesel 4c4ss (4 cylinder 4 stroke supercharger) 11,0/12,5 work on diesel fuel mixtures with rapeseed oil
The article presents the results of the study physico-chemical properties of diesel fuels used in agricultural machinery, with the addition of rapeseed oil and the performance of car-and-tractor diesel 4C4SS (4 cylinder 4 stroke supercharger) 11,0/12,5 (D-245.5S2) when operating on mixed fuels of different composition. The optimal adjustment of the fuel system is established.
Analysis and selection of similarity criteria for modeling of polymer coatings formation processes in repair of agricultural machinery
The article reviews the main similarity criteria for simulation of real fluid motion processes; the conditions ensuring the uniformity of the coating have been formulated. The process of polymer coating forming from the polymer solution on the bearing is recommended to analyze using Reynolds number of Re. The difference between the estimated and actual values of parameters for polymeric coating application does not exceed 10%.
Way of reconstructing case parts of agricultural machinery with poly-meric materials
The authors suggest a way of reconstructing basic parts using the repair size method. Filment bores are rebored for three repair sizes according to the wear rate. The processed bore is equipped with a new bearing, its outer race being covered with a polymeric coating of adequate thickness providing the junction immobility. The theoretical research has resulted in a model of forming an even polymer coating on the external surface of a rotating cylinder part. The article presents the results of the experimental studies of the dependency of geometrical parameters of the formed polymeric coating on the elements of the application regime and the adhesion of the polymeric coatings made of the F-40C (Ф-40С) elastomer solution having various viscosity degrees.
The vacuum regime of the dual-mode milking machine
A dual-mode milking machine consisting of four modules (a twophase milking machine for milking in pairs, a module for quarter controlling the milk flow intensity, an electrical pneumatic block, and a milk pneumatic valve) has been designed. If the milk flow intensity in any quarter of the udder is low (less than 50cm3/ min) the milking machine works in the three-phase regime of simultaneous milking. If the milk flow intensity in all quarters is higher than 50cm3/min, the milking machine automatically switches to the two-phase regime of milking in pairs. The dual-mode milking machine is intended to be combined with the milking plant having milk pipeline in the tied cattle housing system. The aim of the vacuum regime research was to asce rtain the efficiency of using the dual-mode milking machine compared to the imported two-phase milking machines InterPuls and Duovac 300. The dual-mode milking machine has a shorter first milking phase completing with a lower underpressure value. It means that the three-phase regime of simultaneous milking leads to a complete reflex of milk flow. A relatively short second phase of milking having a sharp underpressure rise in the teat cup space of the milking machine prototype shows its ability to accomplish the withdrawal of the maximum milk flow while operating in the two-phase regime of milking in pairs. The pattern of changing the underpressure in the teat cup space of the dual-mode milking machine indicates the identity with machine stripping in the last phase of affecting the mammary gland by the three-phase regime of simultaneous milking. The average value of underpressure for the whole period of milking in the teat cup space of the dual-mode milking machine is lower than by using two-phase milking machines InterPuls and Duovac 300, which indicates its more comfortable (gentle) conditions of milk withdrawal.
Сonceptual approaches to forecasting of agricultural development of the Russian European North
In this study conceptual approaches to forecasting of agricultural development are introduced as an economic system in conditions of globalization of economics. Long-term forecasts of development of agrarian sector of the European North of the RF have been developed till 2030. The forecasts are based on the author’s suggestions on improvement of the mechanism of the state support, development of scientific and educational potential.
Development of safety management systems as a condition for implementing the technical regulations of the Customs Union requirements
The article proves the necessity of improving food quality and food safety. The authors present the main stages of implementing safety management systems based on HACCP principles as well as typical difficulties in planning, developing, implementing and servicing the system.
System problems of flax growing in Russia and abroad, the possibilities of their solution
The object of research is the flax complex in Russia and abroad. The Russian flax complex includes agrarian farms and enterprises of processing industries (textile, construction, chemical, etc.). The analysis of the crisis situation of raw materials in the Russian flax complex is given: the lack of finance for flax farms, technological backwardness and low technological discipline at the stages of cultivation and primary processing of flax, high costs and uneven quality of the fiber materials. The state of flax complex in the various regions of Russia is reviewed and analyzed. Raw materials, crop area, yield and gross yield of flax, fiber release, flax products market in general, and others are analyzed. The results of the analysis show the causes of the crisis in the agricultural economy, the enterprises of primary processing of flax and textile industries. Stabilization of the gross production of flax (within 40 ths. tons) and yield (9 t / ha) indicates a certain level of break-even production of flax farms. The narrowness of the domestic market of flax products could be offset by access to international markets of flax, including China and India. The influence of the state support programs in the federal and regional levels in the flax manufacturing and linen products for the federal departments and organizations is considered. The state support programs in the federal and regional levels in the flax manufacturing are an effective tool to support flax, but their systematic underfunding and lack of long-term plans of flax-containing product production for federal agencies and organizations (the Russian Federation Ministry of Defence, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Russian Railways), the so-called state order limits the development of the industry, having considerable potential in the national economy. The ways of increasing the economic efficiency of cultivation and primary processing of flax are offered in the article.
